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1 αδελφός
brotherΕλληνικά-Αγγλικά νέο λεξικό (Greek-English new dictionary) > αδελφός
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2 αδερφός
brotherΕλληνικά-Αγγλικά νέο λεξικό (Greek-English new dictionary) > αδερφός
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3 ἀδελφός
ἀδελφός, οῦ, ὁ (Hom. [ἀδελφεός]+; accord. to B-D-F §13; Schwyzer I 555; Mlt-H. II 58; PKatz, TLZ 83, ’58, 315f vocative ἄδελφε should be accented on the antepenult in Ac 9:17; 21:20 contrary to the practice of the editions; also GPt 2:5.)① a male from the same womb as the reference pers., brother, Mt 1:2, 11; 4:18, 21 al.; τὸν ἀ. τ. ἴδιον J 1:41 (s. Jos., Ant. 11, 300). Of Jesus’ brothers (passages like Gen 13:8; 14:14; 24:48; 29:12; Lev 10:4; 1 Ch 9:6 do not establish the mng. ‘cousin’ for ἀ.; they only show that in rendering the Hebr. אָח ἀ. is used loosely in isolated cases to designate masc. relatives of various degrees. The case of ἀδελφή [q.v. 1] is similar Gen 24:59f; Tob 8:4, 7 [cp. 7:15]; Jos., Ant. 1, 211 [ἀδελφή = ἀδελφοῦ παῖς]. Sim. M. Ant., who [1, 14, 1] uses ἀ. for his brother-in-law Severus; the same use is found occas. in the pap: JCollins, TS 5, ’44, 484–94; s. VTscherikover HTR ’42, 25–44) Mt 12:46f; 13:55; Mk 3:31f; J 2:12; 7:3, 5; Ac 1:14; 1 Cor 9:5. James ὁ ἀδελφὸς τοῦ κυρίου Gal 1:19. The pl. can also mean brothers and sisters (Eur., El. 536; Andoc. 1, 47 ἡ μήτηρ ἡ ἐκείνου κ. ὁ πατὴρ ὁ ἐμὸς ἀδελφοί; Anton. Diog. 3 [Erot. Gr. I 233, 23; 26 Hercher]; POxy 713, 21f [97 A.D.] ἀδελφοῖς μου Διοδώρῳ κ. Θαί̈δι; schol. on Nicander, Ther. 11 [p. 5, 9] δύο ἐγένοντο ἀδελφοί, Φάλαγξ μὲν ἄρσην, θήλεια δὲ Ἀράχνη τοὔνομα. The θεοὶ Ἀδελφοί, a married couple consisting of brother and sister on the throne of the Ptolemies: OGI 50, 2 [III B.C.] and pap [Mitt-Wilck. I/1, 99; I/2, 103–7, III B.C.]). In all these cases only one brother and one sister are involved. Yet there are also passages in which ἀδελφοί means brothers and sisters, and in whatever sequence the writer chooses (Polyb. 10, 18, 15 ποιήσεσθαι πρόνοιαν ὡς ἰδίων ἀδελφῶν καὶ τέκνων; Epict. 1, 12, 20 ἀδ. beside γονεῖς, τέκνα, γείτονες; 1, 22, 10; 4, 1, 111; Artem. 3, 31; Ptolem., Apotel. 3, 6; Diog. L. 7, 108; 120; 10, 18. In PMich 214, 12 [296 A.D.] οἱ ἀδελφοί σου seems to be even more general=‘your relatives’). Hence there is no doubt that in Lk 21:16 ἀδελφοί=brothers and sisters, but there is some room for uncertainty in the case of the ἀδελφοί of Jesus in Mt 12:46f; Mk 3:31; J 2:12; 7:3, 5; Ac 1:14.② a pers. viewed as a brother in terms of a close affinity, brother, fellow member, member, associate fig. ext. of 1.ⓐ one who shares beliefs (for an associated duality, s. Did., Gen. 127, 6 ἀ. ἐστι τοῦ φαινομένου ἔξω ἀνθρώπου ὁ κρυπτὸς καὶ ἐν διανοίᾳ ἄνθρωπος=brother to the man as he appears from without is the man who is hidden in thought): Jesus calls everyone who is devoted to him brother Mt 12:50; Mk 3:35, esp. his disciples Mt 28:10; J 20:17. Hence gener. for those in such spiritual communion Mt 25:40; Hb 2:12 (Ps 21:23), 17 al. Of a relationship w. a woman other than that of husband Hs 9, 11, 3 al.; 2 Cl 12:5.—Of the members of a relig. community (PParis 20 [II B.C.] al. of the hermits at the Serapeum in Memphis; UPZ 162 I, 20 [117 B.C.] ἀδελφοὶ οἱ τὰς λειτουργίας ἐν ταῖς νεκρίαις παρεχόμενοι; IG XIV, 956 B, 11f. ἀ.=member of the ἱερὰ ξυστικὴ σύνοδος; IPontEux II, 449f εἰσποιητοὶ ἀ. σεβόμενοι θεὸν Ὕψιστον [Ltzm. ZWT 55, 1913, 121]. Mystery pap [III A.D.]: APF 13, ’39, 212. Essenes in Jos., Bell. 2, 122. Vett. Val. 172, 31; Cleopatra ln. 94. See GMilligan 1908 on 1 Th 1:4; Ltzm. Hdb. on Ro 1:13 [lit.]; Dssm. B 82f, 140 [BS 87f, 142]; Nägeli 38; Cumont3 276). Hence used by Christians in their relations w. each other Ro 8:29, 1 Cor 5:11; Eph 6:23; 1 Ti 6:2; Ac 6:3; 9:30; 10:23; Rv 1:9; 12:10; IEph 10:3; ISm 12:1 al. So esp. w. proper names (for ἀδ. in a figurative sense used with a name, cp. the address of a letter PMich 162 verso [II A.D.] ἀπὸ Ἀπλωναρίου ἀδελφοῦ) to indicate membership in the Christian community Ro 16:23; 1 Cor 1:1; 16:12; 2 Cor 1:1; Phil 2:25; Col 1:1; 4:7, 9; 1 Th 3:2; Phlm 1; 1 Pt 5:12; 2 Pt 3:15; AcPl Ha 1, 30 al. Completely ἀδελφὸς ἐν κυρίῳ Phil 1:14. Oft. in direct address 1 Cl 1:1 (cod. A); 4:7; 13:1; 33:1; 2 Cl 20:2 al.; B 2:10; 3:6 al.; IRo 6:2; Hv 2, 4, 1; 3, 1, 1; 4; AcPl Ha 7, 4; 8, 21; AcPlCor 1:16. ἀδελφοί μου B 4:14; 5:5; 6:15; IEph -
4 γέννα
γέννᾱ, γένναdescent: fem nom /voc /acc dualγένναdescent: fem nom /voc sgγέννᾱ, γένναdescent: fem nom /voc /acc dualγέννᾱ, γένναdescent: fem nom /voc sg (doric aeolic)γέννᾱ, γένναςmother's brother: masc nom /voc /acc dualγένναςmother's brother: masc voc sgγέννᾱ, γένναςmother's brother: masc gen sg (doric aeolic)γένναςmother's brother: masc nom sg (epic)γέννᾱ, γεννάωbeget: pres imperat act 2nd sgγέννᾱ, γεννάωbeget: imperf ind act 3rd sg (homeric ionic)——————γένναι, γένναdescent: fem nom /voc plγέννᾱͅ, γένναdescent: fem dat sg (doric aeolic)γένναι, γένναdescent: fem nom /voc plγέννᾱͅ, γένναdescent: fem dat sg (doric aeolic)γένναι, γένναςmother's brother: masc nom /voc plγέννᾱͅ, γένναςmother's brother: masc dat sg (doric aeolic) -
5 δᾱήρ
δᾱήρGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `husbands brother, brother-in-law'.Other forms: Acc. - έρα, voc. δᾶερ, gen. pl. δᾰέρων Ω 769 (verse initial) and 762 (Il.), hellenist. and late also acc. and dat. sg. δαῖρα, δαιρί, nom. pl. δέρες (Lydia), gen. sg. δῆρος (Bithynia).Derivatives: Perhaps Δάειρα, s.v.Origin: IE [Indo-European] *deh₂i-uēr `brother-in-law'Etymology: Old relative term, agreeing with Skt. devár-, Arm. taygr, Lith. diever-ìs, OCS děver-ь; so from *δαιϜήρ (so δαιρί from *δαιϜρί and *δαιϜρῶν for metrically impossible δᾱέρων?; see Schwyzer 266 und 568). Lat. lēvir was transformed after vir, and with `Sabine' l- for d- and ē from the general language for ae. Also the Germ. word, OHG zeihhur, OE tācor, with unfitting velar, was influenced by another word (to Lith. láigonas `brother of the wife'?).Page in Frisk: 1,338-339Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δᾱήρ
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6 αδελφοκτονία
ἀδελφοκτονίᾱ, ἀδελφοκτονίαmurder of a brother: fem nom /voc /acc dualἀδελφοκτονίᾱ, ἀδελφοκτονίαmurder of a brother: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic)——————ἀδελφοκτονίᾱͅ, ἀδελφοκτονίαmurder of a brother: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic) -
7 αδελφοκτόνω
ἀδελφοκτόνοςmurdering a brother or sister: masc /fem /neut nom /voc /acc dualἀδελφοκτόνοςmurdering a brother or sister: masc /fem /neut gen sg (doric aeolic)——————ἀδελφοκτόνοςmurdering a brother or sister: masc /fem /neut dat sg -
8 αυταδέλφω
αὐτάδελφοςbrother's: masc /fem /neut nom /voc /acc dualαὐτάδελφοςbrother's: masc /fem /neut gen sg (doric aeolic)——————αὐτάδελφοςbrother's: masc /fem /neut dat sg -
9 αυτοκασιγνήτω
αὐτοκασίγνητοςown brother: masc nom /voc /acc dualαὐτοκασίγνητοςown brother: masc gen sg (doric aeolic)——————αὐτοκασίγνητοςown brother: masc dat sg -
10 ηδελφισμένα
ἀδελφίζωadopt as a brother: perf part mp neut nom /voc /acc pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic)ἠδελφισμένᾱ, ἀδελφίζωadopt as a brother: perf part mp fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic doric ionic aeolic)ἠδελφισμένᾱ, ἀδελφίζωadopt as a brother: perf part mp fem nom /voc sg (attic epic doric ionic aeolic) -
11 ἠδελφισμένα
ἀδελφίζωadopt as a brother: perf part mp neut nom /voc /acc pl (attic epic doric ionic aeolic)ἠδελφισμένᾱ, ἀδελφίζωadopt as a brother: perf part mp fem nom /voc /acc dual (attic epic doric ionic aeolic)ἠδελφισμένᾱ, ἀδελφίζωadopt as a brother: perf part mp fem nom /voc sg (attic epic doric ionic aeolic) -
12 κασιγνήτω
κασίγνητοςbrother: masc nom /voc /acc dualκασίγνητοςbrother: masc gen sg (doric aeolic)——————κασίγνητοςbrother: masc dat sg -
13 πάτρω
πάτρω̆, πάτρωςfather's brother: masc gen sg (attic epic ionic)——————πάτρῳ̆, πάτρωςfather's brother: masc nom pl (attic epic ionic)πάτρῳ̆, πάτρωςfather's brother: masc dat sg (attic epic ionic) -
14 πάτρω'
πάτρῳ̆, πάτρωςfather's brother: masc nom pl (attic epic ionic)πάτρῳ̆, πάτρωςfather's brother: masc dat sg (attic epic ionic)πάτρωο, πάτρωςfather's brother: masc gen sg (epic) -
15 ἀδελφός
-οῦ + ὁ N 2 295-269-45-68-247=924 Gn 4,2.8(bis).9(bis)brother Gn 4,2; brother (metaph.) Jb 30,29; kinsman Gn 13,8; other, fellow man Lv 19,17; (metaph.) Jb 41,9; neigh-bour, friend Gn 43,33; son in law (as term of affection in family relations) Tob 10,13; ἀδελφοί brothers (term of address) Jdt 7,30*Jgs 5,14 ἀδελφοῦ σου your brother-אחיך for MT אחריך after you; *Neh 12,12 ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ his brothers-אחיו for MT היו were; 1 Ezr 8,74 τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς ἡμῶν our brothers-אחינו for MT Ezr 9,7 אנחנו weCf. LIFSHITZ 1962b, 252-253; O’CALLAGHAN 1971, 217-225; WALTERS 1973, 94; WEVERS 1998 293;→NIDNTT; TWNT -
16 ἀδελφός
I as Subst., ἀδελφός, ὁ, voc. ἄδελφε; [dialect] Ep., [dialect] Ion., and Lyr. ἀδελφεός (gen. - ειοῦ in Hom. is for - εόο), Cret. ἀδελφιός, ἀδευφιός, Leg.Gort.2.21, Mon.Ant.18.319:— brother, Hom., etc.; ἀδελφοί brother and sister, E.El. 536; so of the Ptolemies,θεοὶ ἀδελφοί Herod.1.30
, OGI50.2 (iii B. C.), etc.;ἀπ' ἀμφοτέρων ἀδελφεός Hdt.7.97
: prov.,χαλεποὶ πόλεμοι ἀδελφῶν E.Fr. 975
: metaph.,ἀ. γέγονα σειρήνων LXX Jb.30.29
.3 colleague, associate, PTeb.1.12, IG12 (9).906.19 ([place name] Chalcis); member of a college, ib.14.956.4 term of address, used by kings, OGI138.3 ([place name] Philae), J.AJ13.2.2, etc.; generally, LXX Ju.7.30; esp. in letters, PPar.48 (ii B. C.), etc.:—as a term of affection, applicable by wife to husband, LXX To.10.12, PLond.1.42.1 (ii B. C.), etc.5 brother (as a fellow Christian), Ev.Matt.12.50, Act.Ap.9.30, al.; of other religious communities, e.g. Serapeum, PPar.42.1 (ii B. C.), cf. PTaur.1.1.20.II Adj., ἀδελφός, ή, όν, brotherly or sisterly, A.Th. 811, etc.; φύσιν ἀ. ἔχοντες, of Hephaistos and Athena, Pl.Criti. 109c.2 generally, of anything double, twin, in pairs, X.Mem. 2.3.19:—also, akin, cognate,μαθήματα Archyt.1
;ἀ. νόμοις Pl.Lg. 683a
: mostly c. gen.,ἀδελφὰ τῶνδε S.Ant. 192
;ἡ δὲ μωρία μάλιστ' ἀ. τῆς πονηρίας ἔφυ Id.Fr. 925
; freq. in Pl., Phd. 108b, Cra. 418e, al., cf. Hyp.Epit.35: c. dat.,ἀδελφὰ τούτοισι S.OC 1262
, cf. Pl.Smp. 210b.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀδελφός
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17 ἀδελφεός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `brother' (Il.)Derivatives: ἀδελφιδέος, - δέη, Att. - δοῦς, - δῆ `nephew', `niece'. ἀδελιφήρ· ἀδελφεός, Λάκωνες H. will be contamination with φράτηρ.Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: With α copulativum (*sm̥- `one') and a word for `womb', cf. H.: ἀδελφοί οἱ ἐκ τῆς αὑτῆς δελφύος γεγονότες. δελφὺς γὰρ ἡ μήτρα. The - ε- cannot be from - εϜ- (Cret. - ιος); - eio-, of the adj. of material, Wackernagel Unt. 52f. From an expression *φράτηρ ἀδελφεός, as in Skt. sagarbhya- (cf. ὁμογαστριος). Att. ἀδελφός from contracted forms like ἀδελφοῦ \< - εοῦ. As the inherited word for `brother', φράτηρ, got primarily a religio-political meaning (cf. φράτρα, φρατρία), and perhaps also because the word could also be used for other members of the family of the same stage, like nephews, a term for the brother proper was needed. One has thought that the word derived from pre-Greek societies with mother-right (Kretschmer Glotta 2, 201ff.), but it may have been created in a society with concubines ( παλλακή; Gonda Mnem. 15 (1962) 390-2).See also: δελφύςPage in Frisk: 1,19Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀδελφεός
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18 Ἰάκωβος
Ἰάκωβος, ου, ὁ (Grecized form of the preceding, W-S. §10, 3; EpArist 48; 49. Oft. in Joseph., even for the patriarch [s. Ἰακώβ]. In the spelling Ἰάκουβος: POxy 276, 5 [77 A.D.]; BGU 715 II, 11; 1 Esdr 9:48) James (for the history of this name s. OED s.v. James).① son of the Galilean fisherman Zebedee, brother of John, member of the Twelve, executed by Herod Agrippa I not later than 44 A.D.: Mt 4:21; 10:2; 17:1; Mk 1:19, 29; 3:17; 5:37; 9:2; 10:35, 41; 13:3; 14:33; Lk 5:10; 6:14; 8:51; 9:28, 54; Ac 1:13a; 12:2; GEb 34, 60; Papias (2:4).—ESchwartz, Über d. Tod der Söhne Zeb. 1904; JBlinzler and ABöhling, NovT 5, ’62, 191–213.② son of Alphaeus (s. Ἁλφαῖος) also belonged to the Twelve Mt 10:3; Mk 2:14 v.l. (s. 6 below); 3:18; Lk 6:15; Ac 1:13b. This James is perh. identical with③ son of Mary Mt 27:56; Mk 16:1; Lk 24:10 (s. B-D-F §162, 3), who is called Mk 15:40 Ἰ. ὁ μικρός, James the small or the younger (μικρός 1ab.—TZahn, Forschungen VI 1900, 345f; 348ff).④ the Lord’s brother (Jos., Ant. 20, 200), later head of the Christian community at Jerusalem, confused w. 2 at an early date; Mt 13:55; Mk 6:3; 1 Cor 15:7; Gal 1:19; 2:9, 12; Ac 12:17; 15:13; 21:18; GHb 361, 7 (Lat.); probably Papias 2:4. This J. is certainly meant Js 1:1 (MMeinertz, D. Jk u. sein Verf. 1905; AMeyer, D. Rätsel des Jk 1930); Jd 1; and perh. GJs 25:1 in title and subscr.—GKittel, D. Stellg. des Jak. zu Judentum u. Heidenchristentum: ZNW 30, ’31, 145–57, D. geschichtl. Ort des Jk: ibid. 41, ’42, 71–105; KAland, D. Herrenbr. Jak. u. Jk: Neut. Entwürfe ’79, 233–45; GKittel, D. Jak. u. die Apost. Väter: ZNW 43, ’50/51, 54–112; WPrentice, in Studies in Roman Economic and Social Hist. in honor of AJohnson ’51, 144–51; PGaechter, Petrus u. seine Zeit ’58, 258–310; DLittle, The Death of James: The Brother of Jesus, diss. Rice Univ. ’71; WPratscher, Der Herrenbruder Jakobus u. die Jakobustradition ’87.⑤ father of an apostle named Judas, mentioned only by Luke: Lk 6:16a; Ac 1:13c.⑥ Mk 2:14 v.l. (s. 2 above) the tax-collector is called James (instead of Levi; s. FBurkitt, JTS 28, 1927, 273f).—HHoltzmann, Jak. der Gerechte u. seine Namensbrüder: ZWT 23, 1880, 198–221; FMaier, Z. Apostolizität des Jak. u. Jud.: BZ 4, 1906, 164–91; 255–66; HKoch, Z. Jakobusfrage Gal 1:19: ZNW 33, ’34, 204–9.—EDNT. M-M. -
19 αδελφεοκτόνον
ἀδελφοκτόνοςmurdering a brother or sister: masc /fem acc sg (ionic)ἀδελφοκτόνοςmurdering a brother or sister: neut nom /voc /acc sg (ionic) -
20 ἀδελφεοκτόνον
ἀδελφοκτόνοςmurdering a brother or sister: masc /fem acc sg (ionic)ἀδελφοκτόνοςmurdering a brother or sister: neut nom /voc /acc sg (ionic)
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